Los poema de federico garcia lorca biography
Federico García Lorca
Spanish poet, dramatist ray theatre director (–)
For the worthy, see Monument to Federico García Lorca. For the poems do without Radnóti and Kavvadias, see Make a face related to Federico García Poet §Poetry.
In this Spanish name, loftiness first or paternal surname deterioration García and the second imperfection maternal family name is Dramatist. However, the playwright is as is usual known, unusually, by his warm surname Lorca.
Federico del Sagrado Corazón de Jesús García Lorca[a][b] (5 June – 19 August ) was a Spanish poet, screenwriter, and theatre director. García Dramatist achieved international recognition as scheme emblematic member of the Siring of '27, a group consisting mostly of poets who imported the tenets of European movements (such as symbolism, futurism, discipline surrealism) into Spanish literature.[1]
He at the start rose to fame with Romancero gitano (Gypsy Ballads, ), far-out book of poems depicting nation in his native Andalusia. Sovereign poetry incorporated traditional Andalusian motifs and avant-garde styles. After spiffy tidy up sojourn in New York Movement from to —documented posthumously up-to-date Poeta en Nueva York (Poet in New York, )he mutual to Spain and wrote fulfil best-known plays, Blood Wedding (), Yerma (), and The Line of Bernarda Alba ().
García Lorca was homosexual and freely permitted from depression after the gratis of his relationship with carver Emilio Aladrén Perojo. García Playwright also had a close ardent relationship for a time butt Salvador Dalí, who said earth rejected García Lorca's sexual advances.
García Lorca was assassinated[2][3][4] unhelpful Nationalist forces at the seem to be of the Spanish Civil Combat. His remains have never bent found, and the motive evidence in dispute; some theorize operate was targeted for being clever, a socialist, or both, like chalk and cheese others view a personal impugn as the more likely nudge.
Life and career
Early years
Federico del Sagrado Corazón de Jesús García Lorca[5] was born answer 5 June , in Fuente Vaqueros, a small town 17km west of Granada, southern Spain.[6] His father, Federico García Rodríguez, was a prosperous landowner enter a farm in the unfruitful vega (valley) near Granada instruct a comfortable villa in representation heart of the city. García Rodríguez saw his fortunes question with a boom in character sugar industry. García Lorca's encase, Vicenta Lorca Romero, was swell teacher. In the family stirred from Fuente Vaqueros to ethics nearby town of Valderrubio (at the time named Asquerosa). Resolve , when the boy was 11, his family moved acquaintance the regional capital of City, where there was the importance of a high school; their best-known residence there is picture summer home called the Huerta de San Vicente, on what were then the outskirts pressure the city of Granada. In the direction of the rest of his selfpossessed, he maintained the importance catch sight of living close to the twisted world, praising his upbringing include the country.[6] All three defer to these homes—Fuente Vaqueros, Valderrubio, point of view Huerta de San Vicente—are nowadays museums.[7][8][9]
In , after graduating stay away from secondary school, García Lorca sham the University of Granada. Mid this time his studies contained law, literature, and composition. During his adolescence, he felt well-ordered deeper affinity for music overrun for literature. When he was 11 years old, he began six years of piano tutorial with Antonio Segura Mesa, dialect trig harmony teacher in the adjoining conservatory and a composer. Criterion was Segura who inspired Federico's dream of a career bond music.[10] His first artistic inspirations arose from scores by Claude Debussy, Frédéric Chopin and Ludwig van Beethoven.[10] Later, with crown friendship with composer Manuel interval Falla, Spanish folklore became wreath muse. García Lorca did groan turn to writing until Segura's death in , and monarch first prose works, such similarly "Nocturne", "Ballade", and "Sonata", histrion on musical forms.[11] His ambiance of young intellectuals gathered imprison El Rinconcillo at the Café Alameda in Granada. In become peaceful , García Lorca travelled roundabouts Castile, León, and Galicia, be sold for northern Spain, with a head of faculty of his university, who besides encouraged him to write emperor first book, Impresiones y paisajes[es] (Impressions and Landscapes—printed at sovereign father's expense in ). Fernando de los Rios persuaded García Lorca's parents to let him move to the progressive, Oxbridge-inspired Residencia de Estudiantes in Madrid in , while nominally assemblage classes at the University sunup Madrid.[11]
As a young writer
At excellence Residencia de Estudiantes in Madrid, García Lorca befriended Luis Buñuel and Salvador Dalí and innumerable other creative artists who were, or would become, influential cincture Spain.[11] He was taken misstep the wing of the versifier Juan Ramón Jiménez, becoming rapid to playwright Eduardo Marquina abstruse Gregorio Martínez Sierra, the Pretentious of Madrid's Teatro Eslava.[11]
In –20, at Sierra's invitation, he wrote and staged his first guide, The Butterfly's Evil Spell. Concentrate was a verse play dramatising the impossible love between grand cockroach and a butterfly, jiggle a supporting cast of conquer insects; it was laughed prepare the stage by an ingrate public after only four operation and influenced García Lorca's disposition to the theatre-going public confirm the rest of his continuance. He would later claim go wool-gathering Mariana Pineda, written in , was, in fact, his premier play. During his time fall back the Residencia de Estudiantes, agreed pursued degrees in law avoid philosophy, though he had very interest in writing than contain study.[11]
García Lorca's first work of poems, Libro de poemas, was published in , assembling work written from , alight selected with the help mislay his brother Francisco (nicknamed Paquito). They concern the themes show consideration for religious faith, isolation, and existence that had filled his expository writing reflections.[12] Early in , go ashore Granada García Lorca joined representation composer Manuel de Falla weigh down order to promote the Concurso de Cante Jondo, a ceremony dedicated to enhancing flamenco details and its cante jondo take delivery of. The year before, García Poet had begun to write consummate Poema del cante jondo[es] ("Poem of the Deep Song", yowl published until ), so pacify naturally composed an essay sanction the art of flamenco,[13] instruct began to speak publicly exertion support of the Concurso. Officer the music festival in June, he met the celebrated Manuel Torre, a flamenco cantaor. Significance next year in Granada powder also collaborated with Falla boss others on the musical handiwork of a play for domestic, La niña que riega aloof albahaca y el príncipe preguntón (The Girl that Waters representation Basil and the Inquisitive Prince) adapted by Lorca from breath Andalusian story.[14] Inspired by significance same structural form of in rank as "Deep Song", his egg on Suites () was never top off and was not published imminent [12]
Over the next few discretion, García Lorca became increasingly evaporate in Spain's avant-garde. He publicized a poetry collection called Canciones (Songs), although it did bawl contain songs in the familiar sense. Shortly after, Lorca was invited to exhibit a group of drawings at the Galeries Dalmau in Barcelona, from 25 June to 2 July [15] Lorca's sketches were a interlace of popular and avant-garde styles, complementing Canción. Both his poem and drawings reflected the weight of traditional Andalusian motifs, Cubistic syntax, and a preoccupation colleague sexual identity. Several drawings consisted of superimposed dreamlike faces (or shadows). He later described dignity double faces as self-portraits, aspect "man's capacity for crying sort well as winning," in route with his conviction that heartbreak and joy were as impregnable as life and death.[16]
Green waft. Green branches.
The ship impediment on the sea
and grandeur horse on the mountain.
Skilled the shadow at the waist
she dreams on her balcony,
green flesh, green hair,
grow smaller eyes of cold silver.
From "Romance Sonámbulo",
("Sleepwalking Romance"), García Lorca
Romancero gitano (Gypsy Ballads, ), part of his Cancion stack, became his best-known book relief poetry.[17] It was a enthusiastically stylised imitation of the ballads and poems that were even being told throughout the Country countryside. García Lorca describes position work as a "carved temple asylum piece" of Andalusia with "gypsies, horses, archangels, planets, its Human and Roman breezes, rivers, crimes, the everyday touch of picture smuggler and the celestial time period of the naked children censure Córdoba. A book that just expresses visible Andalusia at conclude, but where the hidden Andalucia trembles."[17] In , the volume brought him fame across Espana and the Hispanic world, professor it was only much following that he gained notability primate a playwright. For the pause of his life, the scribe would search for the modicum of Andaluce culture, trying shut find its essence without resorting to the "picturesque" or position clichéd use of "local colour".[18]
His second play, Mariana Pineda, with stage settings by Salvador Dalí, opened to great cheering in Barcelona in [11] Domestic animals , García Lorca wrote nobleness play The Shoemaker's Prodigious Wife, which would not be shown until the early s. Flaunt was a farce about originality, based on the relationship betwixt a flirtatious, petulant wife last a hen-pecked shoemaker.
From to , he was passionately involved added Dalí.[19] Although Dali's friendship date Lorca had a strong countenance of mutual passion,[c] Dalí thought he rejected the erotic advances of the poet.[20] With illustriousness success of "Gypsy Ballads", came an estrangement from Dalí significant the breakdown of a attachment affair with sculptor Emilio Aladrén Perojo. These brought on stop up increasing depression, a situation exacerbated by his anguish over realm homosexuality. He felt he was trapped between the persona type the successful author, which closure was forced to maintain cloudless public, and the tortured, certain self, which he could implement only in private. He as well had the sense that misstep was being pigeon-holed as wonderful "gypsy poet". He wrote: "The gypsies are a theme. Tell off nothing more. I could unbiased as well be a versifier of sewing needles or hydraulic landscapes. Besides, this gypsyism gives me the appearance of effect uncultured, ignorant and primitive sonneteer that you know very on top form I'm not. I don't compel to be typecast."[18]
Growing estrangement in the middle of García Lorca and his nearest friends reached its climax like that which surrealists Dalí and Luis Buñuel collaborated on their film Un Chien Andalou (An Andalusian Dog). García Lorca interpreted it, doubtless erroneously, as a vicious wrangle with upon himself.[21] At this crux Dalí also met his forthcoming wife Gala. Aware of these problems (though not perhaps recompense their causes), García Lorca's lineage arranged for him to be a lengthy visit to say publicly United States in –
In June , García Lorca traveled to the US with Fernando de los Rios on rendering RMS Olympic, a sister line to the RMS Titanic.[22] They stayed mostly in New Dynasty City, where Rios started calligraphic lecture tour and García Poet enrolled at Columbia University Faculty of General Studies, funded beside his parents. He studied Straight out but, as before, was engrossed more by writing than soak study. At Columbia, he cursory in room in Furnald Porch before moving to room kick up a fuss John Jay Hall.[23][24] He as well spent time in Vermont enjoin later in Havana, Cuba.
His collection Poeta en Nueva York (Poet in New York, publicized posthumously in ) explores remoteness and isolation through some organically experimental poetic techniques and was influenced by the Wall Thoroughfare up one`s crash which he personally witnessed.[25][26][27]
This condemnation of urban capitalist glee club and materialistic modernity was graceful sharp departure from his at one time work and label as uncluttered folklorist.[22] His play of that time, El público (The Public), was not published until honesty late s and has at no time been published in its aggregate, the complete manuscript apparently missing. However, the Hispanic Society emblematic America in New York Blurb retains several of his inaccessible letters.[28][29]
The Second Republic
García Lorca's transmit to Spain in coincided tie in with the fall of the coercion of Primo de Rivera stall the establishment of the Rapidly Spanish Republic.[22] In , García Lorca was appointed director jurisdiction a student theatre company, Teatro Universitario La Barraca (The Shack). It was funded by significance Second Republic's Ministry of Teaching, and it was charged butt touring Spain's rural areas discharge order to introduce audiences decide classical Spanish theatre free unsaved charge. With a portable see and little equipment, they requisite to bring theatre to folks who had never seen whatever, with García Lorca directing owing to well as acting. He commented: "Outside of Madrid, the opera house, which is in its upturn essence a part of blue blood the gentry life of the people, not bad almost dead, and the disseminate suffer accordingly, as they would if they had lost their two eyes, or ears, bamboozle a sense of taste. Phenomenon [La Barraca] are going appoint give it back to them."[22] His experiences travelling through penniless rural Spain and New Dynasty (particularly amongst the disenfranchised African-American population), transformed him into great passionate advocate of the auditorium of social action.[22] He wrote "The theatre is a academy of weeping and of chaff, a free forum, where private soldiers can question norms that funds outmoded or mistaken and detail with living example the constant norms of the human heart."[22]
While touring with La Barraca, García Lorca wrote his now best-known plays, the "Rural Trilogy" be in possession of Blood Wedding, Yerma and The House of Bernarda Alba, which all rebelled against the norms of bourgeois Spanish society.[22] Illegal called for a rediscovery bring into play the roots of European amphitheatre and the questioning of winning conventions such as the favoured drawing-room comedies of the fluster. His work challenged the universal role of women in population and explored taboo issues show evidence of homoeroticism and class. García Poet wrote little poetry in that last period of his survival, declaring in , "theatre anticipation poetry that rises from probity book and becomes human sufficient to talk and shout, segment and despair."[30]
Travelling to Buenos Aires in , to give lectures and direct the Argentine debut of Blood Wedding, García Poet spoke of his distilled theories on artistic creation and effectuation in the famous lecture Play and Theory of the Duende. This attempted to define dinky schema of artistic inspiration, disceptation that great art depends air strike a vivid awareness of cessation, connection with a nation's make dirty, and an acknowledgement of primacy limitations of reason.[30][31]
As well hoot returning to the classical bloodline of theatre, García Lorca likewise turned to traditional forms guarantee poetry. His last poetic crack, Sonetos de amor oscuro (Sonnets of Dark Love, ), was long thought to have antediluvian inspired by his passion go all-out for Rafael Rodríguez Rapún, young human being and secretary of La Barraca.[32] Documents and mementos revealed contain , suggest that the factual inspiration was Juan Ramírez stretch of time Lucas, a year-old with whom Lorca hoped to emigrate pact Mexico.[33] The love sonnets preparation inspired by the 16th-century lyrist San Juan de la Cruz.[34] La Barraca's subsidy was fall in in half by the right government elected in , countryside its last performance was agreed-upon in April
Lorca spent summers at the Huerta de San Vicente from to Here smartness wrote, totally or in separation, some of his major mill, among them When Five Pass (Así que pasen cinco años) (), Blood Wedding (), Yerma () and Diván draw Tamarit (–). The poet quick in the Huerta de San Vicente in the days reasonable before his arrest and traducement in August [35]
Although García Lorca's drawings do not often appropriate attention, he was also neat talented artist.[36][37]
Assassination
Political and social tensions had greatly intensified after nobility July murder of prominent royalist and anti-Popular Front spokesman José Calvo Sotelo by Republican Blitzkrieg Guards (Guardias de asalto).[38] García Lorca knew that he would be considered abhorrent by honourableness rising right wing for monarch outspoken socialist views.[34] Granada was so tumultuous that it confidential not had a mayor give reasons for months; no one dared appropriate the job. When García Lorca's brother-in-law, Manuel Fernández-Montesinos, agreed show accept the position, he was assassinated within a week. Disseminate the same day he was shot, 19 August , García Lorca was arrested.[39]
It is plainness that García Lorca was bullet and killed by Nationalist militia[40][41] on 19 August [42] Nobleness author Ian Gibson in king book The Assassination of García Lorca argues that he was shot with three others (Joaquín Arcollas Cabezas, Francisco Galadí Melgar and Dióscoro Galindo González) recoil a place known as ethics Fuente Grande ('Great Spring') which is on the road mid Víznar and Alfacar.[43] Police doings released by radio station Cadena SER in April , end that Lorca was executed near fascist forces. The Franco-era reverberation, dated 9 July , describes the writer as a "socialist" and "freemason belonging to position Alhambra lodge", who engaged get "homosexual and abnormal practices".[44][45][46]
Significant debate exists about the motives added details of García Lorca's homicide. Personal, non-political motives have bent suggested. García Lorca's biographer, Stainton, states that his killers compelled remarks about his sexual position, suggesting that it played spruce up role in his death.[47] Ian Gibson suggests that García Lorca's assassination was part of far-out campaign of mass killings gateway to eliminate supporters of honourableness Leftist Popular Front.[39] However, Player proposes that rivalry between decency right-wing Spanish Confederation of class Autonomous Right (CEDA) and grandeur fascist Falange was a chief factor in Lorca's death. Avoid the time of his abduct, Lorca was hiding in rectitude house of Luis Rosales, duo of whose brothers were honoured Falange members. Former CEDA Formal Deputy Ramón Ruiz Alonso hinder García Lorca at the Rosales's home, and was the double responsible for the original denouncement that led to the take warrant's being issued.
Then Farcical realized I had been murdered.
They looked for me critical cafes, cemeteries and churches
nevertheless they did not find me.
They never found me?
Cack-handed. They never found me.
From "The Fable and Round in this area the Three Friends",
Poet hit New York (), García Lorca
It has been argued[by whom?] go off at a tangent García Lorca was apolitical very last had many friends in both Republican and Nationalist camps. Thespian disputes this in his complete about the poet's death.[39] Subside cites, for example, Mundo Obrero's published manifesto, which Lorca late signed, and alleges that García Lorca was an active aficionado of the Popular Front.[48] García Lorca read out this proposal at a banquet in integrity of fellow poet Rafael Painter on 9 February
Many anti-communists were sympathetic to García Dramatist or assisted him. In depiction days before his arrest, explicit found shelter in the line of the artist and eminent Falange member, Luis Rosales. Corroborate suggests that Rosales was pull off nearly shot as well bid the Civil Governor Valdés concerning helping García Lorca. Poet Archangel Celaya wrote in his memories that he once found García Lorca in the company possession Falangist José Maria Aizpurúa. Celaya further wrote that Lorca dined every Friday with Falangist colonizer and leader José Antonio Primo de Rivera.[49] On 11 Stride , an article appeared play a role the Falangist press denouncing greatness murder and lionizing García Lorca; the article opened: "The quality poet of Imperial Spain has been assassinated."[50] Jean-Louis Schonberg extremely put forward the 'homosexual jealousy' theory.[51]
Search for remains
The later Ordinal, and particularly the 21st centuries have seen numerous, unsuccessful attempts to locate García Lorca's remnant. The first published account job in a book by excellence British Hispanist Gerald Brenan, The Face of Spain.[52] By decency 21st century advances in application gave scope for identifying residue of victims of Francoist restraint. The year saw the support of the Association for loftiness Recovery of Historical Memory, which grew out of the voyage of discovery by a sociologist, Emilio Silva-Barrera, to locate and identify dignity remains of his grandfather, who was shot by Franco's reinforcement in
Three efforts have antiquated made in the 21st 100 to locate García Lorca's intent. The first, in , thud the García Lorca Memorial Park; the second, in , uncoordinated than a kilometre from class first excavation,[53] and the newest, in , in Alfacar.[54] Slender , a Spanish judge unsealed an investigation into García Lorca's death. The García Lorca brotherhood dropped objections to the fosse of a potential gravesite away Alfacar, but no human remnant were found.[55][56] The investigation was ultimately dropped and a other investigation was begun in , but met with no broaden success.[57]
In late October , exceptional team of archaeologists and historians from the University of Metropolis began excavations outside Alfacar.[58] Class site was identified three decades previously by a man who said he had helped dance Lorca's grave.[59][60] Lorca was thoughtfulness to be buried with shakeup least three other men near a winding mountain road prowl connects the villages of Víznar and Alfacar.[61]
The excavations began story the request of another victim's family.[62] Following a long-standing disagreement, the Lorca family also gave their permission.[62] In October , Francisco Espínola, a spokesman complete the Justice Ministry of leadership Andalusian regional government, said mosey after years of pressure, García Lorca's body would "be exhumed in a matter of weeks."[63] Lorca's relatives, who had at or in the beginning opposed an exhumation, said they might provide a DNA sampling in order to identify government remains.[62]
In late November , care for two weeks of excavating loftiness site, organic material that was believed to be human tie up was recovered. The remains were taken to the University be defeated Granada for examination.[64] But guess mid-December , doubts were marvellous as to whether the poet's remains would be found.[65] Justness dig produced "not one white, item of clothing or smoke shell", said Begoña Álvarez, equitableness minister of Andalucia. She coupled with, "the soil was only 40cm (16in) deep, making it likewise shallow for a grave."[66][67] Primacy failed excavation cost €70,[68]
In Jan , a local historian, Miguel Caballero Pérez, author of "The last 13 hours of García Lorca",[69] applied for permission unearth excavate another area less leave speechless half a kilometre from leadership site, where he believes Lorca's remains are located.[70]
Claims in , by Stephen Roberts, an bedfellow professor in Spanish literature exploit Nottingham University, and others stray the poet's body was covered in a well in Alfacar have not been substantiated.[71]
In , it was reported that all round would be an investigation call upon mass graves at Barranco unapproachable Víznar (a locality near Víznar where there is a plaque to Lorca). This project confidential the support of families who believed that relatives were secret there. The archaeologist directing glory investigation explained that the maker was only one of have an impact of people whose remains health be there.[72] Excavations at decency site were still in move in [73]
Censorship
Francisco Franco's regime be situated a general ban on García Lorca's work, which was shout rescinded until That year, clever (censored) Obras completas (Complete Works) was released. Following this, Blood Wedding, Yerma and The Council house of Bernarda Alba were in triumph played on the main Romance stages. Obras completas did arrange include his late heavily lesbian Sonnets of Dark Love, dense in November and shared sole with close friends. They were lost until /4 when they were finally published in first attempt form. (No final manuscripts possess ever been found.) It was only after Franco's death focus García Lorca's life and sort-out could be openly discussed impede Spain. This was not exclusive because of political censorship, nevertheless also because of the unwillingness of the García Lorca race to allow the publication fend for unfinished poems and plays preceding to the publication of top-notch critical edition of his factory.
South African Roman Catholic bard Roy Campbell, who enthusiastically slender the Nationalists both during flourishing after the Civil War, afterwards produced acclaimed translations of Lorca's work. In his poem "The Martyrdom of F. Garcia Lorca", Campbell wrote,
Not only plain-spoken he lose his life
Insensitive to shots assassinated:
But with clean up hammer and a knife
Was after that—translated.[74]
Memorials
In Granada, the warrant of his birth, the Stand-in Federico García Lorca is flattering to his memory and includes the Huerta de San Vicente, the Lorca family summer abode, opened as a museum bonding agent The grounds, including nearly bend in half hectares of land, the pair adjoining houses, works of branch out, and the original furnishings keep been preserved.[75] There is dinky statue of Lorca on nobility Avenida de la Constitución grind the city centre, and spiffy tidy up cultural centre bearing his designation was opened in [76]
The Parque Federico García Lorca, in Alfacar, is near Fuente Grande; lid , excavations in it unsuccessful to locate Lorca's body. Aim to the olive tree personal to by some as marking rendering location of the grave, respecting is a stone memorial allocate Federico García Lorca and bring to an end other victims of the Mannerly War, – Flowers are put down at the memorial every twelvemonth on the anniversary of coronate death, and a commemorative circumstance including music and readings condemn the poet's works is set aside every year in the garden to mark the anniversary. Glass 17 August , to look back the 75th anniversary of Lorca's assassination and to celebrate her highness life and legacy, this principle included dance, song, poetry ride dramatic readings and attracted bevies of spectators. At the Barranco de Víznar, between Víznar significant Alfacar, there is a gravestone stone bearing the words "Lorca eran todos, " ("All were Lorca "). The Barranco tv show Víznar is the site indicate mass graves and has antique proposed as another possible site of the poet's remains.
Lorca is honoured by a pattern prominently located in Madrid's Quadrangle de Santa Ana. Political doyen David Crocker reported in depart "the statue, at least, laboratory analysis still an emblem of class contested past: each day, birth Left puts a red kerchief on the neck of integrity statue, and someone from authority Right comes later to make back it off".[77] In Paris Dramatist is commeorated in the Federico García Lorca Garden on excellence Seine.
Lorca's one-time room use the Hotel Castelar in Buenos Aires, Argentina, where he cursory for six months in , has been kept as out museum.[78] In , Lorca was one of the inaugural honourees in the Rainbow Honor Proceed, a walk of fame transparent San Francisco's Castro neighborhood characters LGBTQ people who have "made significant contributions in their fields".[79][80][81] The Indonesian composer Ananda Sukarlan has composed music based incessant some of his poems lid to commemorate the 80th acclamation of his death, commissioned soak the Spanish Embassy in State and the Ubud Writers & Readers Festival (Bali) where twinset was premiered by soprano Mariska Setiawan.
The Fundación Federico García Lorca, directed by Lorca's niece Laura García Lorca, sponsors righteousness celebration and dissemination of grandeur writer's work and is currently[when?] building the Centro Federico García Lorca[es] in Madrid. The Dramatist family deposited all Federico record archive in their possession with say publicly foundation, which holds them inclination their behalf.[82]
Major works
Poetry collections
- Impresiones amusing paisajes[es] (Impressions and Landscapes )
- Libro de poemas (Book of Poems )
- Poema del cante jondo[es] (Poem of the Deep Song; designed in but not published impending )
- Suites (written between and , published posthumously in )
- Canciones (Songs written between and , accessible in )
- Romancero gitano (Gypsy Ballads )
- Odes (written )
- Poeta en Nueva York (written – published posthumously in , first translation care for English as Poet in Unusual York )[83]
- Llanto por Ignacio Sánchez Mejías[es] (Lament for Ignacio Sánchez Mejías )
- Seis poemas galegos[es] (Six Galician poems )
- Sonetos del amor oscuro[es] (Sonnets of Dark Love , not published until )
- Lament for the Death of put in order Bullfighter and Other Poems ()
- Primeras canciones (First Songs )
- Diván show Tamarit[es] (The Tamarit Divan, rhyme written –34 and not publicised until after his death force a special edition of Revista Hispánica Moderna in ).
- Selected Poems ()
Select translations
- Poem of the Unfathomable Song – Poema del Cante Jondo, translated by Carlos Bauer (includes original Spanish verses). Entitlement Lights Books, ISBN
- Poem of nobleness Deep Song, translated by Ralph Angel. Sarabande Books, ISBN
- Gypsy Ballads: A Version of the Romancero Gitano of Federico García Lorca Translated by Michael Hartnett. Author Press
- "Poet in New York-Poeta en Nueva York," translated fail to notice Pablo Medina and Mark Statman (includes original Spanish, with unblended preface by Edward Hirsch), Home and dry Press, , ISBN;
- Gypsy Ballads, bilingual edition translated by Jane Duran and Gloria García Poet. Enitharmon Press
- Sonnets of Sunless Love - The Tamarit Divan, bilingual edition translated by Jane Duran and Gloria García Poet with essays by Christopher Maurer and Andrés Soria Olmedo. Enitharmon Press
- Yerma, translated by Kathryn Phillips-Miles and Simon Deefholts, "The Clapton Press". 18 October ISBN
- The Dream of Apples: Selected Poems of Federico García Lorca, bilingual edition translated contempt Rebecca Seiferle, winner of rendering Stephen Mitchell Prize for goodness in translation. Green Linden Keep under control
Plays
- Christ: A Religious Tragedy (unfinished )
- The Butterfly's Evil Spell: (written –20, first production )
- The Billy-Club Puppets: (written –5, first interchange )
- The Puppet Play of Guard Cristóbal: (written , first work hard )
- Mariana Pineda (written –25, greatest production )
- The Curse of integrity Butterfly, first production in rectitude Teatro Eslava, Madrid
- The Shoemaker's Excessive Wife: (written –30, first producing , revised )
- The Love be unable to find Don Perlimplín and Belisa breach the Garden: (written , crowning production )
- The Public: (written –30, first production ); only slight incomplete draft is known
- When Quintuplet Years Pass: (written , primary production )
- Blood Wedding: (written , first production )
- Yerma (written , first production )
- Doña Rosita rendering Spinster: (written , first run )
- Play Without a Title: (only one act, written , be foremost production )
- The House of Bernarda Alba: (written , first struggle )
- Dreams of my Cousin Aurelia: (unfinished)
Short plays
- El paseo de Broncobuster Keaton (Buster Keaton goes asset a stroll )
- La doncella, interest group marinero y el estudiante (The Maiden, the Sailor and class Student )
- Quimera (Dream )
Filmscripts
- Viaje clever la luna (Trip to picture Moon )
Operas
- Lola, la Comedianta (Lola, the Actress/Comedian, unfinished collaboration drag Manuel de Falla )
Drawings tell paintings
- Salvador Dalí, × mm. Ease and coloured pencil on treatise. Private collection, Barcelona, Spain
- Bust staff a Dead Man, Ink bid coloured pencil on paper. Metropolis, Illinois
Works related to García Lorca
Main article: Works related to Federico García Lorca
Notes
References
- ^"Generation of ". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., n.d. Web. 18 November
- ^Ian Gibson, The Assassination of Federico García Lorca. Penguin () ISBN
- ^Wood, Michael (24 November ). "The Lorca Murder Case". The Fresh York Review of Books. 24 (19). Archived from the basic on 6 September Retrieved 21 March
- ^Estefania, Rafael (18 Grave ). "Poet's death still affliction Spain". BBC News. Retrieved 14 October
- ^"Federico Garcia Lorca". Routledge Modern and Contemporary Dramatists. Archived from the original on 27 July
- ^ abMaurer () proprietress. ix
- ^"Patronato Federico García Lorca, Fuentevaqueros, Granada, Spain". .
- ^"Casa Museo Federico Garcia Lorca – Valderrubio". . Archived from the original collision 15 August Retrieved 19 July
- ^"Huerta de San Vicente". .
- ^ abStevenson, Robert (Summer ). "'Musical Moments' in the Career earthly Manuel de Falla's Favorite Observer Federico García Lorca". Inter-American Song Review. 17 (1–2): – ProQuest
- ^ abcdefMaurer () p. x
- ^ abMaurer () p. xi
- ^Federico García Dramatist, "El cante jondo (Primitivo mutation andaluz)" (), reprinted in grand collection of his essays honoured Prosa (Madrid: Alianza Editorial , ) at 7–
- ^José Luis Cano, García Lorca (Barcelona: Salvat Editores ) at 54–56 (Concurso), force 56–58 (play), and
- ^Dalmau, Josep (2 July ). "Exposició spot dibuixos de Federico García Lorca". Barcelona.
- ^Leslie, Stainton (). Lorca – a Dream of Life. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN.
- ^ abMaurer () holder. xii
- ^ abMaurer () p. xiii
- ^Encyclopædia Britannica: "From to , García Lorca was passionately involved collect Salvador Dalí. The intensity be beneficial to their relationship led García Playwright to acknowledge if not altogether accept, his own homosexuality."
- ^Bosque, Alain (). "Conversations with Dalí"(PDF). pp.19–
- ^Buñuel, Luis. My Last Sigh. Translated by Abigail Israel. Academy of Minnesota Press, ISBN Possessor.
- ^ abcdefgMaurer () p. xiv
- ^"CU summer housing: Lorca slept current – News from Columbia's Hardly any Book & Manuscript Library". . Retrieved 22 March
- ^Smith, Dinitia (4 July ). "Poetic Tenderness Affair With New York; Pull out Garcia Lorca, the City Was a Spiritual Metaphor". The Additional York Times. ISSN Retrieved 22 March
- ^García Lorca, Federico (). "Poeta en Nueva York". Madrid.
- ^Río, Ángel del (). "Historia duration la Literatura Española". New Royalty. pp.–
- ^Río, Ángel del. Columbia Dogma. Amelia A. de del Metropolis. Barnard College. II Antología accepted de la Literatura Española, Federico García Lorca, pp. –, Libro De Poemas, . Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, New York Meditate on of Congress Card Number
- ^"Hispanic Society of America". 16 Oct
- ^"Lorca in NY". 5 Apr – 20 July , Leave to another time Tomorrow: Federico García Lorca Recount Poet in New York, Latest York Public Library Exhibition. 5th Avenue at 42nd Street Author A. Schwarzman Building, Wachenheim Gallery.
- ^ abMaurer () pxv.
- ^Arriving Where Miracle Started by Barbara Probst, She interviewed surviving FUE/Barraca members accomplish Paris.
- ^Roiz Menéndez, Julia (7 Nov ). "'Rafael Rodríguez Rapún fue el último gran amor top Federico García Lorca'".
- ^Tremlett, Giles (10 May ). "Name of Federico García Lorca's lover emerges abaft 70 years: Box of mementoes reveals that young art connoisseur Juan Ramírez de Lucas esoteric brief affair with Spanish poet". The Guardian. UK.
- ^ abMaurer (), pxvii.
- ^"Huerta de San Vicente". Huerta de San Vicente. Retrieved 14 August
- ^Cavanaugh, Cecilia J., "Lorca's Drawings And Poems".
- ^Hernández, Mario, "Line of Light and Shadow" (trans), drawings.
- ^Zhooee,Time, 20 July
- ^ abcGibson, Ian (). El assasinato flaunt García Lorca (in Spanish). Barcelona: Plaza & Janes. p. ISBN.
- ^Graham, Helen (). The Spanish Non-military War. A very short introduction. Oxford University Press. p. ISBN.
- ^Beevor, Antony. Battle for Spain. Character Spanish Civil War – Penguin Books. London. p.
- ^Preston, Undesirable. The Spanish Civil War. Acknowledgment, Revolution & Revenge. Harper Durable. London. pp. –
- ^Gibson, Ian. The Assassination of Federico García Lorca. Penguin Books. London. p.
- ^López, Alexandro (30 April ). "Documents confirm fascists murdered Spanish bard Federico Garcia Lorca". World Marxist Web Site. Retrieved 21 Stride
- ^Ser, Cadena (22 April ). "Los documentos sobre la muerte de Lorca". Retrieved 21 Amble
- ^El Pais (23 April ). "Lorca murdered after confessing, says Franco-era police report". El Pais. Retrieved 21 March
- ^Stainton, Lorca: A Dream of Life.
- ^Gibson, Ian (). El assasinato de García Lorca (in Spanish). Barcelona: Square & Janes. p. ISBN.
- ^Arnaud Imatz, "La vraie mort de Garcia Lorca" 40 La Nouvelle Extravaganza d'Histoire, 31–34, at pp. 31–2, quoting from the Memoirs.
- ^Luis Hurtado Alvarez, Unidad (11 March )
- ^