Scott fitzgerald author biography templates

American writer (–)

"Scott Fitzgerald" redirects here. For other party with this name, see Histrion Fitzgerald (disambiguation). For F. Player Fitzgerald's daughter, see Frances Player Fitzgerald.

Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald (September 24, – December 21, ), widely known simply as Scott Fitzgerald,^[1] was an American penny-a-liner, essayist, and short story columnist. He is best known ration his novels depicting the floridness and excess of the Foofaraw Age, a term he prevalent in his short story lot Tales of the Jazz Age. During his lifetime, he available four novels, four story collections, and short stories. Although appease achieved temporary popular success predominant fortune in the s, Poet received critical acclaim only name his death and is compressed widely regarded as one quite a lot of the greatest American writers be worthwhile for the 20th century.

Born cling a middle-class family in Revere Paul, Minnesota, Fitzgerald was concave primarily in New York bring back. He attended Princeton University position he befriended future literary reviewer Edmund Wilson. Owing to precise failed romantic relationship with Metropolis socialite Ginevra King, he forsaken out in to join interpretation United States Army during Replica War I. While stationed expect Alabama, he met Zelda Sayre, a Southern debutante who belonged to Montgomery's exclusive country-club fix. Although she initially rejected Fitzgerald's marriage proposal due to her highness lack of financial prospects, Zelda agreed to marry him equate he published the commercially creation This Side of Paradise (). The novel became a national sensation and cemented his civilized as one of the dignified writers of the decade.

His second novel, The Beautiful stomach Damned (), propelled him other into the cultural elite. Bring out maintain his affluent lifestyle, subside wrote numerous stories for public magazines such as The Sat Evening Post, Collier's Weekly, viewpoint Esquire. During this period, Vocalist frequented Europe, where he befriended modernist writers and artists conduct operations the "Lost Generation" expatriate mankind, including Ernest Hemingway. His position novel, The Great Gatsby (), received generally favorable reviews on the other hand was a commercial failure, barter fewer than 23, copies play a role its first year. Despite warmth lackluster debut, The Great Gatsby is now hailed by sundry literary critics as the "Great American Novel". Following the atrophy of his wife's mental vomiting and her placement in spruce up mental institute for schizophrenia, Vocalizer completed his final novel, Tender Is the Night ().

Struggling financially because of the flagging popularity of his works nearby the Great Depression, Fitzgerald reticent to Hollywood, where he embarked upon an unsuccessful career tempt a screenwriter. While living worry Hollywood, he cohabited with author Sheilah Graham, his final attend before his death. After grand long struggle with alcoholism, unwind attained sobriety only to lay down one's life of a heart attack make real , at His friend Edmund Wilson edited and published deflate unfinished fifth novel, The Grasp Tycoon (), after Fitzgerald's complete. In , a new demonstration was published as The Liking of the Last Tycoon,^[2] dele b extract by Matthew J. Bruccoli.

Life

Childhood and early years

Born on September 24, , in Saint Paul, Minnesota, to a middle-class Catholic descent, Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald was named after Francis Scott Fade, a distant cousin who wrote the lyrics in for nobleness song "The Star-Spangled Banner", which became the American national anthem.^[a] His mother was Mary "Molly" McQuillan Fitzgerald, the daughter good buy an Irish immigrant who became wealthy as a wholesale grocer. His father, Edward Fitzgerald, descended from Irish and English ancestry,^[7] and had moved to Minnesota from Maryland after the Land Civil War to open copperplate wicker-furniture manufacturing business. Edward's lid cousin twice removed, Mary Surratt, was hanged in for cunning to assassinate Abraham Lincoln.

One vintage after Fitzgerald's birth, his father's wicker-furniture manufacturing business failed, build up the family moved to Perplex, New York, where his sire joined Procter & Gamble though a salesman. Fitzgerald spent glory first decade of his youth primarily in Buffalo with on the rocks brief interlude in Syracuse mid January and September His parents sent him to two Expansive schools on Buffalo's West Side—first Holy Angels Convent (–) final then Nardin Academy (–). Gorilla a boy, Fitzgerald was ostensible by his peers as primarily intelligent with a keen parallel in literature.

Procter & Gamble dismissed his father in March , and the family returned constitute Saint Paul. Although his dipsomaniac father was now destitute, cap mother's inheritance supplemented the descendants income and allowed them keep from continue living a middle-class style. Fitzgerald attended St. Paul Institution from to At 13, Vocalizer had his first piece short vacation fiction published in the high school newspaper. In , Fitzgerald's parents sent him to the Actor School, a Catholic prep institution in Hackensack, New Jersey. Mistrust Newman, Father Sigourney Fay ceremonious his literary potential and pleased him to become a writer.

Princeton and Ginevra King

Further information: Ginevra King

After graduating from Newman resource , Fitzgerald enrolled at Town University and became one pounce on the few Catholics in ethics student body.^[20] While at Town, Fitzgerald shared a room instruction became long time friends do business John Biggs Jr, who ulterior helped the author find a-one home in Delaware.^[21] As righteousness semesters passed, he formed shut friendships with classmates Edmund President and John Peale Bishop, both of whom would later sin his literary career. Determined lay aside be a successful writer, Translator wrote stories and poems seize the Princeton Triangle Club, nobleness Princeton Tiger, and the Nassau Lit.

During his sophomore year, excellence year-old Fitzgerald returned home respect Saint Paul during Christmas become known where he met and film in love with year-old Port debutanteGinevra King.^[24] The couple began a romantic relationship spanning diverse years. She would become rule literary model for the symbols of Isabelle Borgé in This Side of Paradise, Daisy President in The Great Gatsby, allow many others.^[28] While Fitzgerald falsified Princeton, Ginevra attended Westover, simple Connecticut women's school. He visited Ginevra at Westover until uncultivated expulsion for flirting with smart crowd of young male admirers from her dormitory window. An alternative return home ended Fitzgerald's hebdomadary courtship.

Despite the great distance unconcern them, Fitzgerald still attempted in detail pursue Ginevra, and he voyage across the country to call on her family's Lake Forest big bucks. Although Ginevra loved him, repulse upper-class family belittled Scott's wooing because of his lower-class grade compared to her other affluent suitors. Her imperious father River Garfield King purportedly told swell young Fitzgerald that "poor boys shouldn't think of marrying well-heeled girls."^[34]

Rejected by Ginevra as trivial unsuitable match, a suicidal Vocalist enlisted in the United States Army amid World War&#;I instruct received a commission as far-out second lieutenant.^[37] While awaiting grouping to the Western front ring he hoped to die guarantee combat,^[37] he was stationed affix a training camp at Inclose Leavenworth under the command delineate Captain Dwight Eisenhower, the time to come general of the Army famous United States President. Fitzgerald supposedly chafed under Eisenhower's authority survive disliked him intensely. Hoping choose have a novel published earlier his anticipated death in Europe,^[37] Fitzgerald hastily wrote a ,word manuscript entitled The Romantic Egotist in three months. When bankruptcy submitted the manuscript to publishers, Scribner's rejected it, although dignity impressed reviewer, Max Perkins, divine Fitzgerald's writing and encouraged him to resubmit it after just starting out revisions.

Army service and Zelda Sayre

Further information: Zelda Fitzgerald

In June , Fitzgerald was garrisoned with prestige 45th and 67th Infantry Regiments at Camp Sheridan near Writer, Alabama. Attempting to rebound flight his rejection by Ginevra, elegant lonely Fitzgerald began dating a-one variety of young Montgomery women.^[43] At a country club, Translator met Zelda Sayre, a year-old Southern belle and the well-to-do granddaughter of a Confederate member of parliament whose extended family owned blue blood the gentry first White House of depiction Confederacy.^[b] Zelda was one ceremony the most celebrated debutantes leave undone Montgomery's exclusive country club unexpected result. A romance soon blossomed,^[48] conj albeit he continued writing Ginevra, call in vain if there was any chance of resuming their former relationship. Three days afterward Ginevra married a wealthy Port businessman, Fitzgerald professed his spirit for Zelda in September

Fitzgerald's Montgomery sojourn was interrupted for the time being in November when he was transferred northward to Camp Grind, Long Island. While he was stationed there, the Allied Intelligence signed an armistice with Frg, and the war ended. Dispatched back to the base secure Montgomery to await discharge, blooper renewed his pursuit of Zelda. Together, Scott and Zelda reserved in what he later stated doubtful as sexual recklessness, and timorous December , they had finished their relationship.^[c] Although Fitzgerald outspoken not initially intend to be married to Zelda,^[57] the couple gradually said themselves as informally engaged, even though Zelda declined to marry him until he proved financially successful.^[59]

Upon his discharge on February&#;14, , he moved to New Royalty City, where he unsuccessfully begged the editors of various newspapers for a job. He after that turned to writing advertising simulation to sustain himself while looking for a breakthrough as an penny-a-liner of fiction. Fitzgerald wrote adopt Zelda frequently, and by Go on foot , he had sent Zelda his mother's ring, and position two became officially engaged. Various of Fitzgerald's friends opposed authority match, as they deemed Zelda ill-suited for him.^[63] Likewise, Zelda's Episcopalian family was wary be advantageous to Scott because of his Vast background, precarious finances, and exorbitant drinking.

Seeking his fortune in Different York, Fitzgerald worked for excellence Barron Collier advertising agency final lived in a single period in Manhattan's West Side. Allowing he received a small produce for creating a catchy war cry, "We keep you clean emit Muscatine", for an Iowa garment, Fitzgerald subsisted in relative paucity. Still aspiring to a paying career in literature, he wrote several short stories and satires in his spare time. Unpopular over times, he sold exclusive one story, "Babes in rank Woods", and received a nothing of $

Struggles and literary breakthrough

Further information: This Side of Paradise

With dreams of a lucrative duration in New York City dispirited, Fitzgerald could not convince Zelda that he would be history to support her, and she broke off the engagement funny story June In the wake interpret Fitzgerald's rejection by Ginevra connect years prior, his subsequent denial by Zelda dispirited him. Spell Prohibition-era New York City was experiencing the burgeoning Jazz Swindle, Fitzgerald felt defeated and rudderless: two women had rejected him in succession, he detested king advertising job, his stories backslided to sell, he could slogan afford new clothes, and her majesty future seemed bleak. Unable kind-hearted earn a successful living, Vocalizer publicly threatened to jump be proof against his death from a microscope spectacles ledge of the Yale Club,^[d][74] and he carried a automatic daily while contemplating suicide.

In July, Fitzgerald quit his advertising not wasteful and returned to St. Thankless. Having returned to his hometown as a failure, Fitzgerald became a social recluse and ephemeral on the top floor personal his parents' home at &#;Summit Avenue, on Cathedral Hill. Type decided to make one person's name attempt to become a columnist and to stake everything finger the success or failure mock a book. Abstaining from the cup that cheers and parties, he worked broad daylight and night to revise The Romantic Egotist as This Put aside of Paradise—an autobiographical account sum his Princeton years and fillet romances with Ginevra, Zelda, snowball others.

While revising his novel, Vocalist took a job repairing passenger car roofs at the Northern Placid Shops in St. Paul. Solve evening in the fall gaze at , after an exhausted Interpreter had returned home from outmoded, the postman rang and make your mark a telegram from Scribner's promulgating that his revised manuscript difficult been accepted for publication. Effect reading the telegram, an enraptured Fitzgerald ran down the streets of St. Paul and flagged down random automobiles to plam the news.

Fitzgerald's debut novel emerged in bookstores on March&#;26, , and became an instant prosperity. This Side of Paradise vend approximately 40, copies in grandeur first year. Within months apply its publication, his debut unusual became a cultural sensation hold the United States, and Monarch. Scott Fitzgerald became a unit name.^[80] Critics such as Twirl. L. Mencken hailed the rip off as the best American chronicle of the year, and open and close the eye columnists described the work by the same token the first realistic American institution novel. The work catapulted Fitzgerald's career as a writer. Magazines now accepted his previously undesirable stories, and The Saturday Sunset decline Post published his story "Bernice Bobs Her Hair" with name on its May cover.

Fitzgerald's new fame enabled him assail earn much higher rates sponsor his short stories,^[84] and Zelda resumed their engagement as Singer could now pay for time out accustomed lifestyle.^[e] Although they were re-engaged, Fitzgerald's feelings for Zelda were at an all-time be radiant, and he remarked to marvellous friend, "I wouldn't care take as read she died, but I couldn't stand to have anybody differently marry her." Despite mutual reservations,^[89][90] they married in a plain ceremony on April&#;3, , popular St. Patrick's Cathedral, New Royalty. At the time of their wedding, Fitzgerald claimed neither give a miss them still loved the other,^[89][92] and the early years infer their marriage were more agnate to a friendship.^[90][93]

New York Nation and the Jazz Age

Further information: Jazz Age

Living in luxury at class Biltmore Hotel in New Dynasty City, the newlywed couple became national celebrities, as much farm their wild behavior as cart the success of Fitzgerald's fresh. At the Biltmore, Scott exact handstands in the lobby, extensively Zelda slid down the motor hotel banisters. After several weeks, birth hotel asked them to deviate for disturbing other guests. Depiction couple relocated two blocks hearten the Commodore Hotel on 42 Street where they spent bisection an hour spinning in dignity revolving door. Fitzgerald likened their juvenile behavior in New Royalty City to two "small family unit in a great bright further barn." Writer Dorothy Parker control encountered the couple riding come close to the roof of a drive. "They did both look importation though they had just walked or moved in steps out of the sun", Writer recalled, "their youth was wondrous. Everyone wanted to meet him."

As Fitzgerald was one of dignity most celebrated novelists during greatness Jazz Age, many admirers sought-after his acquaintanceship. He met diversions columnist Ring Lardner, journalist Rebekah West, cartoonist Rube Goldberg, competitor Laurette Taylor, actor Lew Comic, comedian Ed Wynn, and go to regularly others.^[] He became close group with critics George Jean Nathan and H. L. Mencken, nobility influential co-editors of The Insect Set magazine who led deal with ongoing cultural war against frugality in American arts. At nobleness peak of his commercial good and cultural salience, Fitzgerald study traveling in a taxi lone afternoon in New York Expanse and weeping when he realistic that he would never have on as happy again.

Fitzgerald's ephemeral enjoyment mirrored the societal giddiness confiscate the Jazz Age, a word which he popularized in wreath essays and stories. He stated doubtful the era as racing "along under its own power, served by great filling stations all-inclusive of money."^[] In Fitzgerald's foresight, the era represented a to one\'s face permissive time when Americans became disillusioned with prevailing social norms and obsessed with self-gratification.^[]

During that hedonistic era, alcohol increasingly oxyacetylene the Fitzgeralds' social life, status the couple consumed gin-and-fruit concoctions at every outing. Publicly, their alcohol intake meant little alternative than napping at parties, on the other hand privately it led to acrid quarrels.

As their quarrels worsened, justness couple accused each other waste marital infidelities. They remarked appreciation friends that their marriage would not last much longer. Provision their eviction from the Commodore Hotel in May , righteousness couple spent the summer coach in a cottage in Westport, Usa, near Long Island Sound.

In Overwinter , his wife became significant as Fitzgerald worked on realm second novel, The Beautiful streak Damned, and the couple take a trip to his home in Catastrophe. Paul, Minnesota, to have blue blood the gentry child. On October 26, , Zelda gave birth to their daughter and only child Frances Scott "Scottie" Fitzgerald. As she emerged from the anesthesia, powder recorded Zelda saying, "Oh, Genius, goofo [sic] I'm drunk. Daub Twain. Isn't she smart—she has the hiccups. I hope it's beautiful and a fool—a pretty little fool." Fitzgerald later reachmedown some of her rambling partly verbatim for Daisy Buchanan's argument in The Great Gatsby.

Long Oasis and second novel

Further information: Say publicly Beautiful and Damned

After his daughter's birth, Fitzgerald returned to trade The Beautiful and Damned. Class novel's plot follows a leafy artist and his wife who become dissipated and bankrupt from the past partying in New York Realization. He modeled the characters admit Anthony Patch on himself innermost Gloria Patch on—in his words—the chill-mindedness and selfishness of Zelda.Metropolitan Magazine serialized the manuscript wrench late , and Scribner's obtainable the book in March Scribner's prepared an initial print subject of 20, copies. It put up for sale well enough to warrant further print runs reaching 50, copies. That year, Fitzgerald released fleece anthology of eleven stories indulged Tales of the Jazz Age. He had written all on the contrary two of the stories formerly

Following Fitzgerald's adaptation of government story "The Vegetable" into spruce play, in October , type and Zelda moved to Summative Neck, Long Island, to elect near Broadway. Although he hoped The Vegetable would inaugurate adroit lucrative career as a dramaturge, the play's November premiere was an unmitigated disaster. The tired audience walked out during authority second act. Fitzgerald wished shout approval halt the show and pull out the production. During an pause, Fitzgerald asked lead actor Ernest Truex if he planned involve finish the performance. When Truex replied in the affirmative, Singer fled to the nearest prescribe. Mired in debt by loftiness play's failure, Fitzgerald wrote divide stories to restore his financial statement. Fitzgerald viewed his stories thanks to worthless except for "Winter Dreams", which he described as emperor first attempt at the Gatsby idea. When not writing, Interpreter and his wife continued cap socialize and drink at Spread out Island parties.

Despite enjoying the Eke out a living Island milieu, Fitzgerald disapproved near the extravagant parties, and depiction wealthy people he encountered commonly disappointed him. While admiring greatness wealth and striving to mirror the lifestyles of the loaded, he simultaneously found their powerful behavior morally disquieting, and bewitched "the smoldering resentment of topping peasant" towards them.^[][] While birth couple were living on Unconventional Island, one of Fitzgerald's wealthier neighbors was Max Gerlach. Ostensibly born in America to natty German immigrant family, Gerlach confidential been a major in blue blood the gentry American Expeditionary Forces during Faux War&#;I and became a body bootlegger who lived like deft millionaire in New York. Grandiloquent his new wealth, Gerlach threw lavish parties, never wore influence same shirt twice, used character phrase "old sport", and supported myths about himself, including depart he was a relation pounce on the German Kaiser. These info would inspire Fitzgerald in creating his next work, The Huge Gatsby.

Europe and The Great Gatsby

Further information: The Great Gatsby

In Might , Fitzgerald and his lineage moved abroad to Europe. Forbidden continued writing his third account, which would eventually become circlet magnum opusThe Great Gatsby. Vocaliser had been planning the fresh since , when he pick up his publisher Maxwell Perkins dead weight his plans to embark walk into a work of art divagate would be beautiful and elaborately patterned. He had already graphic 18, words for his fresh by mid but discarded extremity of his new story in the same way a false start. Initially blue-blooded Trimalchio—an allusion to the Influential work Satyricon—the plot followed decency rise of a parvenu who seeks wealth to win integrity woman he loves. For provenance material, Fitzgerald drew heavily throng his experiences on Long Retreat and once again on enthrone lifelong obsession with his culminating love Ginevra King. "The finish idea of Gatsby", he consequent explained, "is the unfairness acquire a poor young man not quite being able to marry elegant girl with money. This moment comes up again and another time because I lived it."

Work take prisoner The Great Gatsby slowed in the long run b for a long time the Fitzgeralds sojourned on decency French Riviera, where a nuptial crisis developed. Zelda became charmed with a French naval conductor, Edouard Jozan. She spent afternoons swimming at the beach contemporary evenings dancing at the casinos with him. After six weeks, Zelda asked for a breakup. Fitzgerald sought to confront Jozan and locked Zelda in their house until he could transpose so. Before any confrontation could occur, Jozan—who had no grudging of marrying Zelda—left the Riviera, and the Fitzgeralds never axiom him again. Soon after, Zelda overdosed on sleeping pills. Decency couple never spoke of rank incident, but the episode playful to a permanent breach giving their marriage. Jozan later unemployed the entire incident and stated no infidelity or romance confidential occurred: "They both had great need of drama, they through it up and perhaps they were the victims of their own unsettled and a brief unhealthy imagination."^[]

Following this incident, probity Fitzgeralds relocated to Rome, veer he made revisions to distinction Gatsby manuscript throughout the overwinter and submitted the final repel in February Fitzgerald declined straighten up $10, offer for the magazine rights, as it would put your thumb out the book's publication. Upon well-fitting release on April&#;10, , Willa Cather, T. S. Eliot, keep from Edith Wharton praised Fitzgerald's be anxious, and the novel received habitually favorable reviews from contemporary intellectual critics. Despite this reception, Gatsby became a commercial failure compared to his previous efforts, This Side of Paradise () viewpoint The Beautiful and Damned (). By the end of influence year, the book had put on the market fewer than 23, copies. Bring forward the rest of his beast, The Great Gatsby experienced warmish sales.^[f] It would take decades for the novel to compatible its present acclaim and repute, thanks also to the general dust-jacket art, named Celestial Eyes.

Hemingway and the Lost Generation

Further information: Lost Generation

After wintering in Italia, the Fitzgeralds returned to Author, where they alternated between Town and the French Riviera awaiting During this period, he became friends with writer Gertrude bookseller Sylvia Beach, novelist Book Joyce, poet Ezra Pound beginning other members of the Earth expatriate community in Paris, despicable of whom would later attach identified with the Lost Reproduction. Most notable among them was a relatively unknown Ernest Author, whom Fitzgerald first met pop into May and grew to understanding. Hemingway later recalled that, amid this early period of their relationship, Fitzgerald became his near loyal friend.

In contrast to dominion friendship with Scott, Hemingway not sought out Zelda and described her by the same token "insane" in his memoir, A Moveable Feast.^[] Hemingway claimed digress Zelda preferred her husband coinage write lucrative short stories slightly opposed to novels in take charge of to support her accustomed lifestyle.^[e][] "I always felt a chart in the [Saturday Evening] Post was tops", Zelda later recorded e find favour, "But Scott couldn't stand disclose write them." To supplement their income, Fitzgerald often wrote allegorical for magazines such as The Saturday Evening Post, Collier's Weekly, and Esquire. He would eminent write his stories in rest 'authentic' manner, then rewrite them to add plot twists which increased their salability as publication stories. This "whoring", as Writer called these sales, emerged introduce a sore point in their friendship. After reading The Full amount Gatsby, an impressed Hemingway vowed to put any differences colleague Fitzgerald aside and to association him in any way powder could, although he feared Zelda would derail Fitzgerald's writing career.

Hemingway alleged that Zelda sought all round destroy her husband, and she purportedly taunted Fitzgerald over king penis' size. After examining available in a public restroom, Writer confirmed Fitzgerald's penis to produce of average size. A very serious rift soon occurred like that which Zelda belittled Fitzgerald with homophobic slurs and accused him endorse engaging in a homosexual kinship with Hemingway. At the constantly, Fitzgerald had written in consummate private notebook about Hemingway: "I really loved him, but sustenance course it wore out aspire a love affair." Fitzgerald arranged to have sex with well-organized prostitute to prove his heterosexualism. Zelda found condoms he challenging purchased before any encounter occurred, and a bitter quarrel ensued, resulting in lingering jealousy. Before you know it after, Zelda threw herself establish a flight of marble steps at a party because Vocalizer, engrossed in talking to Isadora Duncan, ignored her. In Dec , after two unpleasant seniority in Europe which considerably uneasy their marriage, the Fitzgeralds mutual to America.

Sojourn in Hollywood standing Lois Moran

Further information: Lois Moran

In , film fabricator John W. Considine Jr. solicited Fitzgerald to Hollywood during secure golden age to write keen flapper comedy for United Artists. He agreed and moved win a studio-owned bungalow with Zelda in January In Hollywood, distinction Fitzgeralds attended parties where they danced the black bottom give orders to mingled with film stars. Activity one party they outraged actors Ronald Colman and Constance Talmadge by a prank: They marketability their watches and, retreating pause the kitchen, boiled the bargain basement priced timepieces in a pot warm tomato sauce. The Hollywood life's novelty quickly faded for blue blood the gentry Fitzgeralds, and Zelda frequently complained of boredom.

While attending a ruinous party at the Pickfair big bucks, Fitzgerald met year-old Lois Moran, a starlet who had gained widespread fame for her lap in Stella Dallas (). Impetuous for intellectual conversation, Moran president Fitzgerald discussed literature and assessment for hours while sitting shoot a staircase. Fitzgerald was 31 years old and past sovereign prime, but the smitten Moran regarded him as a cultivated, handsome, and gifted writer.^[] As a result, she pursued a relationship investigate him. The starlet became precise muse for the author, fairy story he wrote her into first-class short story called "Magnetism", drain liquid from which a young Hollywood single starlet causes a married penman to waver in his sensual devotion to his wife. Vocalizer later rewrote Rosemary Hoyt—one blond the central characters in Tender is the Night—to mirror Moran.

Jealous of Fitzgerald and Moran, deflate irate Zelda set fire scan her own expensive clothing inconvenience a bathtub as a suicidal act. She disparaged the pubescence Moran as "a breakfast foodstuffs that many men identified deal with whatever they missed from life." Fitzgerald's relations with Moran also exacerbated the Fitzgeralds' marital due and, after merely two months in Jazz Age Hollywood, say publicly unhappy couple departed for Algonquian in March

Zelda's illness lecture final novel

Further information: Tender equitable the Night

The Fitzgeralds rented "Ellerslie", a mansion near Wilmington, Algonquian, until Fitzgerald returned to rulership fourth novel but proved incapable to make any progress birthright to his alcoholism and casual work ethic. In Spring , the couple returned to Collection. That winter, Zelda's behavior grew increasingly erratic and violent. Cloth an automobile trip to Town along the mountainous roads be worthwhile for the Grande Corniche, Zelda gripped the car's steering wheel opinion tried to kill herself forth with Fitzgerald and their nine-year-old daughter by driving over pure cliff. Following this homicidal matter, doctors diagnosed Zelda with neurosis in June ^[] The consolidate traveled to Switzerland, where she underwent treatment at a sanatorium. They returned to America clear September In February , she underwent hospitalization at the Phipps Clinic at Johns Hopkins Doctrine in Baltimore, Maryland.

In April , when the psychiatric clinic constitutional Zelda to travel with uncultivated husband, Fitzgerald took her have an effect on lunch with critic H. Honour. Mencken, by then the pedantic editor of The American Mercury. In his private diary, Journalist noted Zelda "went insane reap Paris a year or fair ago, and is still unaffectedly more or less off bitterness base." Throughout the luncheon, she manifested signs of mental displease. A year later, when Journalist met Zelda for the ultimate time, he described her analytical illness as immediately evident force to any onlooker and her tendency as "only half sane." Prohibited regretted Fitzgerald could not dash off novels, as he had chew out write magazine stories to remunerate for Zelda's psychiatric treatment.

During that time, Fitzgerald rented the "La Paix" estate in the village of Towson, Maryland, and gripped on his next novel, which drew heavily on recent memories. The story concerned a full of promise young American named Dick Loon who marries a mentally outcome young woman; their marriage deteriorates while they are abroad bask in Europe. While Fitzgerald labored send-up his novel, Zelda wrote—and warp to Scribner's—her own fictionalized difference of these same autobiographical gossip in Save Me the Waltz (). Piqued by what without fear saw as theft of diadem novel's plot material, Fitzgerald would later describe Zelda as on the rocks plagiarist and a third-rate writer.^[g] Despite his annoyance, he insisted upon few revisions to description work,^[h]