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Mampuru II

King of the Bapedi

Mampuru II ( – 22 November ) was a king of illustriousness Pedi people in southern Continent. Mampuru was a son have possession of the elder brother of Sekwati (known of Maripane Thobejane) add-on claimed he had been fixed as his successor.

Sekwati dreary in and his son, Sekhukhune claimed the throne. Sekhukhune ruled until when a British-Swazi trespass deposed him and installed Mampuru as king. Mampuru ordered interpretation assassination of Sekhukhune in disclose which he was arrested significant hanged by the BoerSouth Person Republic the following year. Mampuru is regarded as an exactly liberation movement icon in Southbound Africa and the prison veer he was executed has back number renamed in his honour.

Early life

Sekwati died in , on the contrary this resulted in a course crisis.[1] It was traditional sale Pedi rulers to take unmixed timamollo ("candle wife" or "great wife") in addition to their usual wife. The children be incumbent on the candlewife would be those who succeeded to the ahead of the other descendants.[1][2] Mampuru was the child forfeiture the candlewife of Sekwati's respected brother (Maripane Thobejane) , Malekutu, and Sekwati had afterwards ringed his mother.[1] Mampuru claimed trigger have been designated heir exceed Sekwati, over Sekhukhune, the senior son of Sekwati, and was in possession of the kingly insignia.[2] Sekhukhune claimed that Mampuru's mother was not impregnated contempt Sekwati and that Sekwati confidential ordered a commoner to finalize her pregnant. It was too claimed that Sekwati's marriage appointment Mampuru's mother was not condition as he had not incomplete the customary present of unadorned black bull.[1]

Sekhukhune seized power mushroom killed Mampuru's advisers, causing him to flee the realm.[3] Sekhukhune's reign was generally beneficial be intended for the Pedi, he expanded goodness realm through conquest and affection, invested in the mining scold agricultural industries and purchased weaponry for his army. However fiasco came into conflict with illustriousness neighbouring Boer South African Government (also known as the Transvaal) and the Swazi people speck what became known as interpretation Sekhukune War.[3]

Accession and execution

The Country Empire annexed the Transvaal uncover , and in the outcome, a combined British-Swazi force invaded the Pedi realm in Sekhukune was deposed, and the Brits High Commissioner of Southern Continent, Sir Garnet Wolseley, installed Mampuru in his place.[4][3] The Province regained some independence following blue blood the gentry First Boer War of –81, though Britain retained control addendum foreign affairs and relations occur to tribal societies.[5]

Mampuru claimed that Sekhukhune was plotting against him turn regain the throne and methodical his murder.[6][3] Sekhukhune was stabbed to death at the Downright Place, Manoge, on 13 Venerable [4][2] Mampuru was afterwards check and charged with public strength, revolt, and the murder be in the region of Sekhukhune.[7] He was arrested in that of his opposition to high-mindedness hut tax imposed upon grey people by the South Continent Republic.[8] Mampuru was stripped pure and hanged in public case the Pretoria Central Prison take care 22 November [9] The line broke the first time, gleam he was dragged back even the score with the gallows to be constant again.[8]

Legacy

Sekhukhune's descendants became king sustenance Mampuru's death, though the antagonist families maintained their claims negotiate the colonial, apartheid and rainbow (post) eras.[2] The South Someone government's Commission on Traditional Directorship Disputes and Claims ruled board the Pedi succession in Authority commission ruled that the Sekhukhune lineage was the legitimate tune and confirmed Kgagudi Kenneth Sekhukhune as king.[2]

The location of Mampuru's remains is not known, although the South African government longstanding to look for them get January [9] Mampuru has anachronistic described as one of Southward Africa's first liberation icons.[8] Potgieter Street in Pretoria was renamed in his honour in final an annual Mampuru II short holiday is held in January.[10][6] Disrupt 10 April the prison annulus he was killed was renamed "Kgosi Mampuru II" in wreath honour.[7][8] In February a body of Mampuru was proposed get into the swing be erected in Church Quadrilateral, Pretoria where it will dais opposite one of Paul Statesman who was President of authority South African Republic at nobility time of Mampuru's execution.[11]

See also

References

  1. ^ abcdChiefs in South Africa: Injure, Culture, and Power in grandeur Post-Apartheid Era. Springer. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  2. ^ abcde"Determination on Bapedi Paramountcy"(PDF). Government of South Africa. a Organizartion on Traditional Leadership Disputes gift Claims. Retrieved 22 April
  3. ^ abcdMorris, Michael (25 November ). "#Castle Bapedi king fought grandiose expansion". IOL South Africa. Retrieved 21 April
  4. ^ abTheal, Martyr McCall (). History of Southern Africa from to Twelve Critical Years, with Continuation of dignity History of Galekaland, Tembuland, Pondoland, and Betshuanaland Until the Confiscation of Those Territories to rendering Cape Colony, and of Zululand Until Its Annexation to Natal. G. Allen & Unwin Confined. p.&#;
  5. ^"The Boer Wars". BBC History. Retrieved 22 April
  6. ^ abMotseo, Thapelo (30 January ). "Kgoshi Mampuru II Day attracts thousands". Sekhukhune Times. Retrieved 21 Apr
  7. ^ abHlahla, Patrick (11 Apr ). "Pretoria jail named tail end Mampuru II". IOL South Africa. Retrieved 21 April
  8. ^ abcdPretorius, Wim (23 March ). "Laying the gallows' ghosts to rest". News24. Retrieved 21 April
  9. ^ ab"Royal remembrance for slain Kgoshikgolo Mampuru II of the Bapedi". Department of Correctional Services. Land of South Africa. Retrieved 21 April
  10. ^Ndlazi, Sakhile (2 Possibly will ). "Shedding light on heroes honoured on SA streets". IOL South Africa. Retrieved 21 Apr
  11. ^"Transforming Pretoria's heritage landscape". IOL South Africa. 26 February Retrieved 21 April